Solar panel is a device that converts solar energy into electricity. There are two main types of solar panels
1) solar electric panels and
2) Solar water heating systems.
PV Panels

  • Monocrystalline – based on a single large crystal. Most efficient, but also the most expensive.
  • Polycrystalline - based on , cast blocks of silicon which may contain many small crystals. This is probably the most common type right now.
  • Amorphous –usually based on stainless steel. Cheaper to produce, but often much less efficient.
  • Vaporware .last type of PV panles.

Solar water heating systems
Solar water heating systems using for water heating. Solar heating systems main parts are   solar thermal collectors, water storage tank or another point of usage, interconnecting pipes and a fluid system to move the heat from the collector to the tank. Solar water heating systems don’t generate electricity as PV panels. Final product for this systems is hot water. The water can be heated for using in   home business and industry. Solar heating of buildings in temperate climates has a season-problem. Most heating is needed in winter time but solar radiation is fewer in winter. By storing solar heat in the in groundwater (Seasonal thermal store) we can solve this problem.

How solar energy is converted into electricity?
When scoring a ray of light on the silicon crystal, a photon knocks out one electron from the crystal lattice and causes this electron to move freely. The release of electrons with a negative charge and the “holes” (quasi-particle formed at the site of ejection of an electron), with a positive charge and there is electricity. And the whole process is called photovoltaic.

What is the difference of solar energy by plants (photosynthesis) of obtaining energy solar panels (photovoltaic)?
While the plant – the most perfect device for the transformation of sunlight, because when a photon of light knocks electrons in a piece of wood, the freed electron alters the chemical bonds within the plant and synthesizes fuel.
Is it possible to artificially create the photosynthesis?
Theoretically, yes. It would be a huge step in the development of alternative technologies, because in this way could be to synthesize a ready-made fuel. Also, in photosynthesis, the air is cleaned of carbon dioxide. If solar panels can operate like a plant, then we would live on a clean planet. Working out the fuel for our plants and automobiles, we would also have reduced the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere! But so far that the realization of artificial photosynthesis – the case for the distant future.